| After-sales Service: | Installation Guide Service |
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| Warranty: | 1 Year |
| Output Type: | AC Three Phase |
| Size: | Medium |
| Type: | Horizontal Hydro Generator |
| Bearing Support: | Hanging Type |
| Customization: |
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Audited Supplier Micro hydroelectric generator francis turbine 800KW EPC project
There are three major types of water turbines. The Pelton turbine requires large water head and low flow rate, and the Kaplan turbines require low water head but a large flow rate. The Pelton turbines usually build in mountainous regions, while the Kaplan turbines are located in lowlands. These restrictions make these two kind turbines less common than the Francis Turbine.
The Francis turbine fills a large gap between the Pelton and Kaplan and it is widely used. They operate in water head from 10 to 600 meters, and are primarily used for electric power generation. Their power output can be calculated from the water head and flow rate and typically range from 10 to more than 700 megawatts. One of the distinct advantages of the Francis turbine with respect to other water turbines is that they can also be used as water pump. This makes them ideal for a pumped storage systems.
This animation shows the operation of a Francis Turbine in a dam. The arrows show the water path and direction inside the dam. The water from the reservoir behind the dam is transferred to the turbine by a penstock. The penstock diameter of a Francis turbine could be as large as 10 meters. The water coming from the penstock is transferred to the inlet scroll, which distributes the water equally around the wicket gates. Water passes through the wicket gates, which controls the amount of water passing through the turbine, before reaching the runner. This in effect controls the power output of the dam. The wicket gates also adjust the angle of the water reaching to the runner.
After passing through the wicket gates, the water reaches the runner. The water pressure forces the runner to rotate. The rotation speed of the runner can be in the range of 80 to 1000 revolutions per minute. The water continues its motion downward under the runner to the exit pipe. The exit pipe discharges the water to the environment as low pressure water.
The turbine shaft of the Francis turbines is almost always mounted vertically. This makes discharge of the water much easier due to the swirling effect of the water in the inlet scroll, and the effect of gravity.
The rotational motion of the runner is transferred to an electric generator shown. The generated electricity is converted to a high voltage current and is transferred to the grid to be consumed.
One big advantage of the water turbines is that power output can be regulated very easily. If the demand is reduced, the amount of water flowing to the turbine can be reduced in a relatively short period of time.
Francis turbines may be designed for a wide range of heads and flows. This, along with their high efficiency, has made them the most widely used turbine in the world. Francis type units cover a head range from 40 to 600 m (130 to 2,000 ft), and their connected generator output power varies from just a few kilowatts up to 800 MW. Large Francis turbines are individually designed for each site to operate with the given water supply and water head at the highest possible efficiency, typically over 90%.
In contrast to the Pelton turbine, the Francis turbine operates at its best completely filled with water at all times. The turbine and the outlet channel may be placed lower than the lake or sea level outside, reducing the tendency for cavitation.
In addition to electrical production, they may also be used for pumped storage, where a reservoir is filled by the turbine (acting as a pump) driven by the generator acting as a large electrical motor during periods of low power demand, and then reversed and used to generate power during peak demand. These pump storage reservoirs act as large energy storage sources to store "excess" electrical energy in the form of water in elevated reservoirs. This is one of a few methods that allow temporary excess electrical capacity to be stored for later utilization.
A Francis turbine consists of the following main parts:
Draft tube: The draft tube is a conduit that connects the runner exit to the tail race where the water is discharged from the turbine. Its primary function is to reduce the velocity of discharged water to minimize the loss of kinetic energy at the outlet. This permits the turbine to be set above the tail water without appreciable drop of available head.
Guide and stay vanes: The primary function of the guide and stay vanes is to convert the pressure energy of the fluid into the momentum energy. It also serves to direct the flow at design angles to the runner blades.
Runner blades: Runner blades are the heart of any turbine. These are the centers where the fluid strikes and the tangential force of the impact causes the shaft of the turbine to rotate, producing torque. Close attention in design of blade angles at inlet and outlet is necessary, as these are major parameters affecting power production.
Spiral casing: The spiral casing around the runner of the turbine is known as the volute casing or scroll case. Throughout its length, it has numerous openings at regular intervals to allow the working fluid to impinge on the blades of the runner. These openings convert the pressure energy of the fluid into momentum energy just before the fluid impinges on the blades. This maintains a constant velocity despite the fact that numerous openings have been provided for the fluid to enter the blades, as the cross-sectional area of this casing decreases uniformly along the circumference.
Why choose us?
1.More than 30 years of industry experience, install commissioning more than 150 equipment each year
2.Provide complete proposal for hydro power plant from water to wire
3.Abundant foreign power plant project implementation experience
4.Design and manufacture of hydro power generator with voltage 400V
1.You are a trading company or a manufacture?
We are a hydro turbine generator manufacture with over 15 years of experiences, Our factory is in the Sichuan you will take 2 hours driving after you reach Shuangliu Airport, pay a visit to our factory you will know more about us.
2.What Kind of water turbine should I choose?
We need to know water head, flow rate, voltage level, frequency, on-grid or off-grid running, automation level from you to work out the solution.
3: Can you do the EPC for the hydro power plant?
Yes, We can design, producing and install the equipment, we will dispatch technologist and workers to install the equipment.
4: what the packing of the equipment?
We will use wooden box to protect product
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